America’s wealthy elite pledge fortunes to humanity

Whilst this may have little to do with the immediate problems of climate change and global warming, I feel this worthy of mention, especially as Bill Gates is known to have a viable interest in global issues, climate change, and has investments in geoengineering.

Recently Bill Gates, Warren Buffett and co. have initiated a charitable venture to encourage America’s wealthy elite to sign up to pledging their mass fortunes to philanthropy and good causes. This initiative should be commended in the highest degree, and is nothing less than a praiseworthy humanitarian act, especially as there is no political enticement or encouragement to do this. It gives me the feeling that there is indeed hope for this planet yet!

Here’s what the Guardian says..

“America’s ultra-rich are queuing to join in a grand gesture of generosity. Forty US billionaires have signed up to pledge at least half of their fortunes to charity under a philanthropic campaign kicked off by Warren Buffett and Bill Gates.”

“On the face of it, the sums involved are enormous. Among those committing to give away money are the Oracle business software tycoon Larry Ellison, whose fortune is estimated by Forbes magazine at $28bn, the banker David Rockefeller ($2.2bn), oilman Boone Pickens ($1.1bn) and private equity tycoon Pete Peterson ($2bn).”

“Buffett and Gates have been banging the drum for the initiative by contacting billionaires, one by one, asking them to lend their names. So far, roughly half of the 70 to 80 individuals approached have agreed to pledge money, with some promising considerably more than the minimum 50% of their wealth.”

Read more here.. “US billionaires club together – to give away half their fortunes to good causes

You can read more about the people involved, their personal letters of pledge, and the aims of the “giving pledge” at the link below.

” The Giving Pledge is an effort to invite the wealthiest individuals and families in America to commit to giving the majority of their wealth to the philanthropic causes and charitable organizations of their choice either during their lifetime or after their death.”

http://givingpledge.org/

Hopefully these wealthy contributors will spread their contributions across a wide spectrum of worthy causes, including as Bill Gates has already hinted, into the promotion of world health, and the propagation of medicines and education.

I see this as a venerable effort to contribute to humanity in these times of economic and political fragility. And hopefully there will be many more who may sign up to a continued effort to spread charitable ventures that improve the well being of humanity, our planet and our ecosystem.

Deepwater Horizon – Could this be the end of BP?

It’s been almost impossible to ignore the news headlines concerning the ongoing Deepwater Horizon oil spill crisis in the Gulf of Mexico these past few weeks, and the situation seems to be going from bad to worse, with more oil escaping each day. President Barrack Obama has this week addressed the US nation concerning actions plans and responsibilities, held private meetings with BP bosses, and Tony Hayward, CEO of BP was put directly under question and scrutiny this week by members of the US congress, amid claims of negligence and the shortcutting of safety advice and guidelines.

And this is as it should be, and should have been from the very beginning. I have no sympathy whatsoever for this self-serving corporation or its unsympathetic management or even for its shareholders. What we now have is an unprecedented ecological disaster and an even more enormous task faced to clear up this mess, or rather BP has this responsibility. Yet will it be able to cope by itself? I think not, as the situation as proved so far, BP appear almost as incompetent to even realise the enormity of the breach they have caused, and appears to have little or no contingency for tackling this crisis.

Which leads me to believe that oil companies may not yet be ready to commit fully to these types of venture of offshore and deep water drilling?

Stated as “America’s worst environmental crisis” to date, and compared in terms of enormity and importance with the 911 terrorist catastrophe by the president himself, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill is set to benchmark a point in the oil industry history concerning ethical conduct and to question their environmental responsibilities, and may even ultimately affect the entire industry philosophy and strategy towards deep sea drilling.

As for Tony Hayward himself, his poor performance this week in front of the congress committee merely proves his position is now becoming untenable. Both with his previous insensitive comments regarding the enormity of the catastrophe, and with his rather insincere and minimal comments regarding responsibilities at the committee, this only serves to add to his predicament. It may be time for BP to look to make some amends for this poor public image, yet is this what Hayward wants? Does he want to wash his hands of it all now and “get his life back?” No doubt his written contract with BP permits him a nice big slice of pie even when he finally does get the golden boot?

Quote – “In the 59 days since the oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico, Hayward has been transformed into one of the most hated men in the US, and the ferocity of the encounter between him and the House of Representatives committee on energy and commerce was much-anticipated. As one committee member noted: “The anger at BP is at fever pitch. It’s almost palpable.”

Read more here..
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jun/17/bp-oil-spill-tony-hayward-congress

Earlier this week President Obama met with BP chief Carl-Henric Svanberg, and their lengthy meeting resulted in BP’s concession to a $20bn compensation fund for victims of the spill. Yet this is by no means the speculated final bill for compensation payouts, which could end up somewhere in the region of $34bn, and that is assuming that the crisis will be mitigated by the end of August.

Quote – “The payout is only the start of BP’s pain. The White House was insistent that the $20bn (£13.5bn) was not a cap, and the company’s chairman, Carl-Henric Svanberg, announced that BP would not be paying dividends this year. Svanberg’s appearance at the White House was calculated to mollify public anger in America at the chief executive, Tony Hayward, who is due to testify on the spill before Congress tomorrow .

Obama said the $20bn – equivalent to two years of dividends for BP – may not be enough to honour all the economic claims against the company.”

Read more here..
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jun/16/barack-obama-bp-dividends-compensation

Will this be the nail in the coffin for BP? There has been much speculation this week to this effect, as the compensation bill is set to rise still further, and which highlights that either BP has grossly underestimated the tremendous damage and the increasing price of this environmental disaster, or perhaps was maybe looking to see exactly what they could actually get away with? After all we are talking about experts in their industrial field discussing daily and maybe even hourly the consequences of these failures and compensations. I find it difficult to believe that BP had not already forecast such heavy compensation claims and speculated already these calculations for themselves?

One thing is for sure the entire oil industry is taking note of the lessons to be learned from BP’s mistakes, and all of the big oil players will be looking to ensure that the same fate does not befall them; as well it might if shortcuts such as the ones described and highlighted below are not so unusual as we would be lead to believe?

Quote – “But as the size and scope of BP’s liabilities grow with each passing the day, it is now no longer a question of whether BP can or should pay its dividend. It is increasingly whether it can survive.

On Sunday, 54 Democratic senators demanded that BP pay $20bn into a ring-fenced account to make sure it met all its obligations for the clean-up and damages. The figure stunned the company, which backs most analysts’ estimates that these costs are likely to be nearer to $5bn.”

“The thing is, no one – not BP, not the US senators – knows how much this will end up costing the company. The fishing industry in the Gulf brings in $660m revenue each year. This pales into insignificance compared to the $65bn-a-year tourist industry in Florida, which has already been hit as oil pollutes its beaches, leaving them deserted. Tourism and fishing could suffer for years.”

“BP says nothing has changed to justify a $20bn bill, but this is disingenuous. In less than a month, the size of the size has gone from 5,000 barrels per day to between 20,000 and 40,000 barrels. If BP estimated that the clean-up and damages would cost around $5bn, but the size of the spill has at least quadrupled, then the $20bn demanded by the US senators does not look unreasonable.”

Read more here..
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jun/14/bp-survival-fears-oil-spill

And this is amid an increase in BP share price following the meeting! Work it out..I can’t?

Quote –”The City has welcomed BP’s deal with President Obama over the Gulf of Mexico oil slick, sending the company’s shares to the top of the FTSE 100 leaderboard.

BP shares rose 23.5p, or 7%, to 360.6p in early trading, even though it has agreed not to make any dividend payments for the rest of 2010.”

Read more here..
http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/marketforceslive/2010/jun/17/bp-shares-dividend-oil-spill-compensation-fund

“The five accusations levelled at BP by the committee are:

• That it adopted a cheap design for the well, choosing a single casing rather than a more sophisticated design, despite the fact that its own analysis found strongly in favour of the latter. “The decision appears to have been made to save time and reduce costs,” the letter says.

• BP went with the cheapest option of using just six “centralisers”, which hold the casing in the centre of the borehole, despite being advised by its contractors Halliburton to use 21. Halliburton warned that the well had a “SEVERE gas flow problem” and that using six centralisers would risk the success of the procedure.

• BP decided not to carry out an acoustic test designed to measure the efficacy of the cementing of the well to block off gas flows. The test would have cost $128,000 and taken an extra 12 hours. An independent engineer who gave evidence to the committee said it was “unheard of” not to perform the test and slammed the decision as being “horribly negligent”.

• BP failed to check the proper workings of the new well system by circulating drilling mud from its bottom to the surface. Halliburton suggested the lack of a full test was due to BP’s desire for speed.

• The firm did not install a critical piece of equipment that locks the wellhead and the casing at the level of the sea floor. The absence of the “lockdown sleeve” has been identified as one possible cause of the explosion.”

Read more here..
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jun/14/barack-obama-oil-spill-speech

Should we let BP go under? Quite frankly who cares? Not me the least. The way I see it is BP are a private company that took unqualified risks with the environment, and must pay to correct these mistakes and clean up. And even when they have cleaned up their act, this in no way excuses their responsibilities for these gross lapses in judgment for the sake of pursuing increased revenues and profit.

We all too readily accept these lame excuses and this high-handed indifference by modern corporate and governmental bodies, with their philosophy and culture whereby any mistake, no matter how great the consequences, can be diffused by simple apology and idle promises that it won’t happen again. This is no longer acceptable!

There are lessons to be learnt here by all parties, and lesson #1 is – do not trust the future of our ecosystem with corporations and profit mongers.

This environmental disaster should serve as a warning to us all that the use of Carbon fossil fuels is unsustainable and that where our oceans are concerned this is becoming more hazardous the deeper we go. Should we be drilling the ocean floors to sustain our reliance upon fossil fuels at all or should we be focusing our attentions on renewable energy sources?

Despite the rhetoric of our governments and of the G20 nations towards the aims and goals of reductions in Carbon emissions and of fossil fuel usage, it appears as there is still no firm commitment and fundamentally agreed political philosophy guided towards these reductions.

Are our governments really serious about renewable energy sources or not?

Are we living under the pretence that money and profit are not driving market forces in our pursuit of more and more reliance upon Carbon fossil fuels?

Where is this serious investment and monies in solar and wind energy to serve the planet?

Where are these Hydrogen fuel cell cars and the infrastructure to support them, which the market forces predict will support this guidance away from the reliance upon Carbon fossil fuels and oils?

More climate squabbles from academia

Yet more conflicting opinions regarding climate change from the academia this week. And this week it was not originating from the US or Europe, yet from our own shores, and from that venerable institution, the Royal Society!

This latest debacle, whilst yet maybe still of great importance, does little to instil a sense of unity and direction towards fundamental acceptance of our climate problems and global warming issues. And does still yet add to the confusions over the realities and acceptance of climate change.

These types of conflicts which are reported almost on a daily basis now throughout the media are becoming more than a little tedious, and it is no wonder that the public in general are becoming more and more apathetic and dispassionate towards the key issues. Let’s face it, if the experts cannot agree or even squabble over details, then it is no wonder that confusions and procrastination’s stifle real political and policy progress.

Although it is not yet clear as to what the critique is all about, and many details are not yet forthcoming, it has already provoked a marked response from Prof. John Beddington. And has also prompted further comment from the widely respected scientist and Astronomer Royal and Society president himself, Sir Martin Rees.. (see below).

Royal Society UK

“The government’s chief scientific adviser has hit out at climate sceptics who attack global warming science on spurious grounds.”

“His comments came as the Royal Society announced that it would publish a new guide to climate science for the public following criticism of existing statements on the topic, reportedly from 43 of the society’s 1,489 fellows.”

“It has been suggested that the society holds the view that anyone challenging the consensus on climate change is malicious – this is ridiculous,” said Professor Martin Rees, the society’s president.”

Read more here.. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/may/28/chief-scientific-adviser-criticises-climate-sceptics

“So it is ironic that just as the leading scientists in the US give their clearest warning about climate change, we now see suggestions that some fellows of UK’s national academy of science, the Royal Society, might be disputing the evidence.”

“And because their identities have not been made public, we do not know whether any of them are climate researchers.”

“The Royal Society is carrying out a review of its statements on climate change in response to the fellows’ letter. It will no doubt prefer to remain silent until the review is completed.”

Read more here.. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/may/28/climate-change-royal-society

Prof. Beddington has spoken out previously on the IPCC’s controversial claims from its 2007 report on the melting of the Himalayan glaciers. He has frequently called for honesty and transparency in light of the dissemination of scientific data, and for the practice of scrutiny and scepticism to overcome speculation over global warming issues and conflicting data.

“Certain unqualified statements have been unfortunate. We have a problem in communicating uncertainty. There’s definitely an issue there. If there wasn’t, there wouldn’t be the level of scepticism. All of these predictions have to be caveated by saying, ‘There’s a level of uncertainty about that’.”

“It’s unchallengeable that CO2 traps heat and warms the Earth and that burning fossil fuels shoves billions of tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere. But where you can get challenges is on the speed of change.”

Read more here.. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article7003622.ece

Yet Prof. Beddington himself is not without his controversial claims. Here is an article from March 2009, which paints a rather dismal picture of the future, and one that even James Lovelock would most likely advocate.

“A “perfect storm” of food shortages, scarce water and insufficient energy resources threaten to unleash public unrest, cross-border conflicts and mass migration as people flee from the worst-affected regions, the UK government’s chief scientist will warn tomorrow.”

“In a major speech to environmental groups and politicians, Professor John Beddington, who took up the position of chief scientific adviser last year, will say that the world is heading for major upheavals which are due to come to a head in 2030.”

“He will tell the government’s Sustainable Development UK conference in Westminster that the growing population and success in alleviating poverty in developing countries will trigger a surge in demand for food, water and energy over the next two decades, at a time when governments must also make major progress in combating climate change.”

Read more here.. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/mar/18/perfect-storm-john-beddington-energy-food-climate

Whilst we should be entirely open and transparent regarding climate change debate and its arguments, we need to show strength and unity, at least with regard to the acceptance of the problems facing our current excessive consumerism and carbon emissions. Arguing as to whether global warming is an issue that affects us all sooner or later is irrelevant. What we need is clear policy changes and we need them now.

Only public awareness and involvement can steer cultural change away from over consumption and excessive carbon emissions. Only global incitement, and guided to the demand for policy changes can help us all aim towards the changes in culture and philosophy that we need to halt further damage to our planet.

This is not militancy it is purely common sense. It is senseless to carry on the way we are, with complacency and procrastination and the squabble over details. There should be a clear and continuous message promoted throughout the scientific and political community that the problems that we face are real, and that we need to act now!

Please aim to lower your personal consumption in all areas, food, wine and plenty by at least 10% or more if you can. It will help us all and in every nation.

No consensus on geoengineering..

Furthering the debate concerned with the clouded controversy of Bill Gates’ support of geoengineering via private enterprise, here is a little more information pertaining to the international participation and cooperation, (or rather lack of it?) and regarding the dialogues related to geoengineering.

The use and benefits of geoengineering techniques to mitigate “global warming” is highly debatable and there is much speculation as to the success and the long-term effects of such projects. Would we in fact do more harm than good? Would we seriously alter or damage the planet’s delicate Eco-systems that have evolved over thousands of years?

Advocates would say that there is urgent need to mitigate and offset natural global warming, and that the use of geoengineering would give us valuable time to deal with the associated problems of carbon emissions and other issues concerning climate change? I tend to agree that we may need to instigate some use of technology to offset the lack of swift progress with CO2 emissions, so long as this does not deter us from the goals of emission reductions.

We should at least be open minded enough to contemplate the possibilities and need for geoengineering and to debate the issue seriously. And if it is proven that the need to take drastic action is real, then we must at least be ready and prepared now to contemplate any solutions for swift action in the near future. Some of the ideas concerning CDR and SRM here do seem rational, yet are they really feasible?

The paperwork here is lengthy and endless but does it really tell us anything? Well I’m not too sure, I am still digging. Once again it goes without saying that an internationally agreed policy is required to discuss and debate this issue further. It would be foolish to undertake any project without international cooperation.

Carbon Dioxide Removal – CDR (CO2 absorption techniques)
Solar Radiation Management – SRM (Sun-ray Reflective techniques)

 
ASILOMAR INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE INTERVENTION TECHNOLOGIES
March 26, 2010

Excerpts from… Statement from the Conference’s Scientific Organizing Committee

“More than 175 experts from 15 countries with a wide diversity of backgrounds (natural science, engineering, social science, humanities, law) met for five days (March 22-26, 2010) at the Asilomar conference center in Pacific Grove, CA. The participants explored a range of issues that need to be addressed to ensure that research into the risks, impacts and efficacy of climate intervention methods is responsibly and transparently conducted and that potential consequences are thoroughly understood.

The group recognized that given our limited understanding of these methods and the potential for significant impacts on people and ecosystems, further discussions must involve government and civil society. Such discussions should be undertaken with humility and recognition of the threats posed by the rapid increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.

Participants reaffirmed that the risks posed by climate change require a strong commitment to mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, adaptation to unavoidable climate change, and development of low-carbon energy sources independent of whether climate intervention methods ultimately prove to be safe and feasible.

We do not yet have sufficient knowledge of the risks associated with using methods for climate intervention and remediation, their intended and unintended impacts, and their efficacy in reducing the rate of climatic change to assess whether they should or should not be implemented. Thus, further research is essential.”

The Climate Response Fund
The Climate Response Fund was founded in 2009 to foster discussion of climate intervention research (sometimes called geoengineering or climate engineering) and to decrease the risk that these techniques might be called on or deployed before they are adequately understood and regulated.

http://www.climateresponsefund.org/

Further links of interest…

Climate scientists convene global geo-engineering summit
Meeting in California in March will discuss possible field trials of schemes that would tackle climate change by reflecting sunlight or fertilising the ocean with iron

Published Date: 18 March 2010

“A major new initiative to ensure strict governance of any plans for solar radiation management (SRM) geoengineering (counteracting global warming by reflecting a small percentage of the sun’s light and heat back into space), will be undertaken this year by the Royal Society, in partnership with the TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world, and the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF).

The first output of the Initiative will be a set of recommendations for the governance of geoengineering research, to be released late in 2010.

Proposed geoengineering techniques that reflect the sun’s light and heat back into space may offer valuable opportunities to reduce global warming, and could do so quite rapidly, but it is likely that their impacts would also affect rainfall, regional weather patterns and ocean currents.

These impacts would not be restricted by national boundaries, so actions in one country could have highly significant effects in another, for example by changing rainfall and so affecting agriculture and water supply.”

House of Commons (UK) Science and Technology Committee
Fifth Report ~ The Regulation of Geoengineering

“Here you can browse the report together with the Proceedings of the Committee. The published report was ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 10 March 2010.”

Cameron promises “greenest government ever”

Now this is a very welcome initiative from the UK newly formed coalition government. David Cameron (PM) has pledged to cut central government emissions by an impressive 10% within a year. This pledge should not be taken lightly, and I do believe that Cameron has the integrity and tenacity to make this happen.

This is a prime lesson in leading by example, and I’m now asking myself, If the UK government can do this, then all governments and businesses around the world should also be able to do it? In fact it is something that we can all do if we take time to be “mindful” and think about the consequences of non-action regarding climate change.

Now just take a moment to contemplate the possible results from this kind of action. Imagine 25% or 50% of the world taking this initiative to cut their consumer emissions by 10% – every year? Imagine eventually 100% of peoples around the world cutting their emissions by 10%?

Read more here.. http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/5

“Central government will cut its carbon emissions by 10% over the next year and individual departments will publish energy use on-line in real time, Prime Minister David Cameron said today.”

“Mr Huhne said: “Climate change is, in my view, in our view, the greatest challenge for mankind.”

Mr Cameron said: “This is transparency in action to drive forward the cuts in carbon emissions. It’s a new way of doing climate change, it’s a new way of doing politics. It’s in the spirit of our age and I think it will make a very big difference.”

Bill Gates aims for the clouds..

The below is taken from a recent article at the guardian environment site. Whilst it is welcome news that billionaire entrepreneurs like Gates are donating to good environmental causes, it is a little disturbing that these projects may transform from the drawing boards and into practical exercises without any global cooperation or governmental regulations whatsoever.

We must ensure that at the very least bodies like the UN are involved and informed beforehand to sanction any such practical projects and experiments. However, as always the key antagonist to any progression towards geoengineering for climate change is once again world bureaucracy and delay. So I would say that what we need is guided global co-operatives and practical policies aimed towards swift investigation and evaluation of these kinds of projects?

It could well be the case that many numerous and diverse geoengineering projects will appear quickly in the near future, all lining up in the bureaucratic queue awaiting evaluation, and therefore stuck in stasis, and some of these innovations may well prove to be invaluable. We must ensure that the project evaluations are dealt with in a proficient and timely manner.

This project itself seems to me to be somewhat as irrelevant in that it only concerns “Global warming” and the reflection of the Sun’s harmful rays, rather than to tackle our own damage to the environment and the CO2 emissions that constitute “climate change”? Whilst it may have great benefits to counteract global warming from the Sun, it may in fact obscure the main goal of emissions reductions and progress towards renewable energy solutions.

However, this is not the only environmental project that Gates has been involved with. See below for more details. In any case, Gates should be congratulated for applying his monies and fortune to these positive causes. And at present any ideas towards reduction of Global warming and causes of climate change must be welcomed and investigated, no matter how crazy they may appear to be?

“Bill Gates’ cloud-whitening trials ‘a dangerous experiment’ “

“A US-based research body, Silver Lining, which has received $300,000 from Mr Gates, is developing machines to convert seawater into microscopic particles to be sprayed into clouds. Scientists believe this will increase the whiteness, or albedo, of clouds and increase their ability to reflect more sunlight back into space, reducing global warming.”

“However, campaigners say such a large-scale trial is ‘risky’ and that a global ban on geoengineering experiments should be put in place until regulations governing the sector can be introduced.”

” ‘We knew Microsoft was developing cloud applications for computers but we didn’t expect this. Bill Gates and his cloud-wrenching cronies have no right to unilaterally change our seas and skies in this way,’ said Jim Thomas from Canadian environmental campaigners, ETC Group.”

Read more here…http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/may/14/bill-gates-cloud-whitening-dangerous

“Bill Gates Funding Geoengineering Research”

“Billionaire philanthropist Bill Gates has been supporting a wide array of research on geoengineering since 2007, ScienceInsider has learned. The world’s richest man has provided at least $4.5 million of his own money over 3 years for the study of methods that could alter the stratosphere to reflect solar energy, techniques to filter carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere, and brighten ocean clouds. But Gates’s money has not funded any field experiments involving the techniques, according to Ken Caldeira of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Palo Alto, California.”

“Recipients of the funding include Armand Neukermans, an inventor based in Silicon Valley who is working with colleagues to design spray systems for the marine clouds, and students and scientists working for Keith and Caldeira. Funding has also helped support scientific meetings in geoengineering in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Edinburgh, Scotland, and aeronautics research related to altering the stratosphere.”

“What’s his ultimate goal? Gates “views geoengineering as a way to buy time but it’s not a solution to the problem” of climate change, says spokesperson John Pinette. “Bill views this as an important avenue for research—among many others, including new forms of clean energy…”

Read more here…http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2010/01/bill-gates-fund.html

Megatons to Megawatts Program

Why my interest in this topic? I feel that this strategy makes absolute sense and should be extended as widely as is possible between nations. In turning decommissioned weapons stockpiles into useful nuclear fuel for reactors I see this as a most sensible solution in helping to offset and mitigate the use of carbon fuels and CO2 emissions. Anything that decreases the reliance upon carbon fuels must be of benefit, and although nuclear fission may not be the most favoured option, it is still the most efficient viable option available as compared with carbon fuel at present.

However, indications are that Russia would only be interested in any further deals where negotiations for them would prove more lucrative than in the past. I’m sure that this will be the case, as this idea has proven very successful and it would be a shame not to see it extended further.

If I find any more information on this subject and it’s future, or indeed why this is not such a good idea, then I will post it here.

By Andrew Newman

“Thanks to the Megatons to Megawatts program, half of U.S. nuclear energy comes from dismantled Russian nuclear warheads. Andrew Newman is a Harvard University research associate with the Project on Managing the Atom. This article appears in the February 2010 issue of eJournal USA, A World Free of Nuclear Weapons.”

“Who Benefits?”

“Megatons to Megawatts provides financial incentives to dismantle thousands of warheads, destroys hundreds of tons of weapons-grade material, and employs thousands of Russian nuclear workers all at very modest cost to the U.S. taxpayer. Without this deal, the proliferation risks from Russia’s nuclear complex during the 1990s would have been far greater.”

“Beyond 2013”

“While Megatons to Megawatts is a nonproliferation success story, it will come to an end in 2013, and Russia still has hundreds of tons of HEU beyond the stocks needed for its military program…”

“There are, however, ways to restructure the agreement that would allow Russia to make billions of dollars in profit and support its strategic objectives of expanding nuclear power and nuclear exports by blending down more of its excess HEU. Ultimately, both Russia and the United States should declare all HEU — beyond the stocks needed to support small future nuclear weapon stockpiles and their naval programs — to be excess, down-blend it to reactor fuel, and keep the material in monitored storage until the commercial market is ready to absorb it.”

Read the full article here ~ http://www.america.gov/st/peacesec-english/2010/February/20100222183504ebyessedo0.2598644.html

 

Status of program as of 2009

WikiQuote..

“In December 2009 USEC announced that the Megatons to Megawatts program had reached a new milestone ; 375 metric tons of Russian HEU warhead material, equivalent to 15,000 nuclear warheads has been eliminated. From 1993 to date 375 metric tons of Russian warhead HEU have been diluted and converted to LEU–low enriched uranium–fuel for nuclear power plants. The fuel is purchased by USEC for use in many of America’s 103 commercial nuclear power plants to produce electricity. Approximately 20% of America’s electricity is generated by nuclear energy.

Nuclear warheads that were once on guided missile ICBMs aimed at American cities are now providing 50% of the nuclear energy produced in the United States–one tenth of America’s overall electric power production. The U.S.-Russian agreement and the commercial implementing contract will be completed in 2013. At that time it is expected that a total of 500 metric tons of warhead HEU will be converted in Russia to LEU and purchased to fuel U.S. nuclear power plants. The Megatons to Megawatts program will have eliminated the equivalent of 20,000 nuclear warheads.

Completion of the Megatons to Megawatts agreement will leave a considerable gap in the supply of uranium fuel at a time when the global use of nuclear power is increasing. In the United States, there are 103 nuclear power reactors currently operating. New construction and operating permits for 15 nuclear power reactors are under review by the U.S.NRC. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. According to government and industry sources, seventeen companies are preparing license applications for as many as 31 new U.S nuclear reactors. Since the Megatons to Megawatts program is scheduled to end in 2013, demand for other sources of uranium supply will be necessary to meet current and future demand..

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megatons_to_Megawatts_Program